Modernization and the Elite Cycle: Economic Power and State Formation in the Ottoman Empire. Journal of Balkan Economies and Management, [S. l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 59–97, 2025. DOI: 10.51331/bemA011. Disponível em: https://www.journalbem.com/jbem/article/view/28. Acesso em: 15 jan. 2026.